Jamin



UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

GEORGE BILLARD BENJAMIN, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR TO SIEMENS d.

HALSKE, OF BERLIN, GERMANY. y

NCN DESC ENT LAM P. l

SPECIFICATION fOrming part 0f Letters Patent No. 495,240, dated April 11, 1893.

Application filed November 14, 1892. Serial No. 451,991. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.:

Be it known that I, GEORGE HILLARD BEN- JAMIN, a citizen of the United States, residing in the city, county, and State of New York, have invented new and useful Improvements in Incandescent Lamps, ofy which the following is a specification.

My invention generally consists in con-` structing an incandescent electric lamp in such a manner that the part which carries and supports the incandescent-filament may be removed from the inclosing globe to permit of the introduction of a new filament when required.

It further consists in the means employed for sealing or uniting the two parts of the lamp so.as to form an air-tight globe and yet allow of the separation of the two parts of the lamp when desired.

In the. accompanying drawings which illustrate my invention, similar figures of reference indicate like parts. l

Figure 1 is a vertical section. Fig. 2 is an elevation of the base piece. Fig. 3 is a vertical section through the base piece. Fig. 4 is a transverse section of the base piece on the line -w of Fig. 1. Fig. 5 is a vertical section through a portion of the globe and base piece, showing the relation of the two parts when they are joined and the lamp ready for use.`

Referringto the figures, 20 represents the inclosing globe or bulb of the lamp. This portion may bevgiven any desired shape and maybe either blown, cast or pressed. vThe lower end, or neck of the globe, 21, is made cylindrical in form and is provided with a groove 22 on its inner surface. Preferably, the lower inner portion of the neck of the globe is ground, or subjected to the action of a sand blast, so as to slightly roughen the surface and bring it to as near the shape of a true cylinder as possible.

23 is the base piece, which is made hollow,- it is round at the top, andA provided with a groove 24 on its exterior surface, which corresponds with the groove 22 in the vneck of the lamp when the base piece is in position.

It is also providedV with a vertical groove 25 5o and with a flange 26 on its lower surface.

The flange, when the base piece is in place,

fits over the lower edge 27 of the neck of the lamp. The exterior surface of the base piece may be ground or-treated to the action of a and blast, so as to slightly roughen its sur- 5 5 ace.

28 represents a tube carried through the base piece, through which the air contained in the interior of the globe may be exhausted.

.29 represents a filament of carbon, or other 6o suitable material forgiving light by incan descence, connected to the leading in wires 30, which may be of any suitable material, and properly sealed into the top of the base piece in the usual manner with incandescent lamps, or otherwise fastened therein. Suitable wires. (notI shown) may be connected to the leading in wires 30 to permit the lamp to be coupled -with a source of energy.

By grinding, or treating the inner surface 7o of the neck of the lamp and the outer surface of the base piece as described, I obtain a ground joint which of itself is fairly tight, but not suiciently so to prevent the ingress of air when the globe has been exhausted.

To seal the base piece into the ncckof the lamp, I proceed in the manner which I will now describe: 31 represents a line wire covered with an insulating material, which is located in the groove 24, crossed and carried 8o down the groove 25, so that its two terminals Aextend without the base piece, as shown in Fig. 2. Before placing the wire 31 in the grooves 24 and 25, I cover the wire, or fill the grooves with a paste made of a material which, when subjected to heat and subsequently cooled, will become hard and non-porous. Preferably, I use for the purpose c preparation of hy dro-carbon,-s uch as is commonly employed for uniting carbon filaments 9o with the metallic leading in wires of incandescent lamps; that is to say, a thick carbon oil, or a mixture of an'oil (such as crude petroleum) and carbon,or I may use a solution of asphaltum, or, in certain cases, I may use an 9 amalgam made n p of diierent materials which, on cooling, will expand. lVherc a solution of hydro-carbon, or a mixture of oil and carbon is employed, the degree of consistency of the solution can readily be determined by zoo register.v Then I- connect the two terminalsl experiment. W here an amalgam is employed, IA may use an alloy composed of lead (nine parts), antimony (two paris), and bismuth (one part); or an amalgam of other materials may be made which will answer a similar purpose. may also lill the groove 22 in the ncck of the globo with the hydrocarbon solution of the amalgam. After this is done, the outer surface of the base piece is covered with a' thin varnish and pushed into position in the neck of the-globe, so that the two slots 22 and 24 of the wire 31 with a source of electricity and transmit sucient current through it to carbonize the insulating material on the wire, also to melt the carbonaceous inaterial or amalgam surrounding the wire. '.lhe current transmitted should be sntlcient to heat not only the materials mentioned, bu'tialsofto heati.

thegla'ss ofboth the globe and the base' piece in the vicinity of the grooves. l In the case where a carbonaceous material is used, I continue the current for such a time as' to thoroughly carbonize, or render hard, the carbonaceous material. When this has been accomplished, the glassof the globe-and neck around f the groove is compressed, as shown in Fig. 5,

or the'grooves may be pressed toward each otherfrom the inner surface ofthe base piece and the outer surface of the lamp globe. In the case where an amalgam is used, it is only'1 necessary to bring the materials to a melted condition by the action of the current, andA then compress the glass. 'lhe result of either methodv of procedure is a perfectly air-tight joint. formed asa. wire and vintroduced into the groove, in which case it will be unnecessary to employ the wire 31, as the amalgam wire will.itself be a conductor ot electricity. In case the filament of the lamp should be de,- stroyed by continued use, or in any other manner, and it is desired to'introduce a new tla.

ment, the terminalsof the wire 3l can again be connected to the .source of energy .and a current'be transmittedthrongh thewi're. By

so doing,the glass in the vicinityof the grooves is heated and the base piece may be removed; after which thev grooves can be reformed in the neck ofthe globe, and anew ltlamentand y a base piece be inserted and secured in'posiltion, as before..

self to any particular shape of lamp globe, base piece, or grooves, as many changes may.

be made from the form shown in the drawings, without departing from the'intent of my invention.

llefore inserting the base piece, I

Where an amalgam is used, it may be- I claim as my invention t '1. An incamlescent lamp comprisinga filament, leading in wires, an inclosing-chamber 7o composed oftwo sections, and a wire formed ot a metal interposed. between said sections.

.2. A'n incandescent lamp, comprisinga filament,- lcadingin wires, an inclosing chamber composed of two sections, and a wireformed of an alloy of metals located between the two.

`In'an incandescent lamp, the combination of aglobe 'provided with a circumferential groove in the neck thereof, a removable base piece provided with .a circumferential groovewhich registers with .the groove' inthe neck of the'lamp, and said -base piece'also provided with'a vertical groove, anda conducting body located in said grooves.,

4. In, an incandescentlamp, the Acombina- 8.5 tion of a globe, provided with a groove 22,

and a base piece, provided with grooves 24 and 25, substantiallyas described.

5. I n an incandescentilamp,the-combination of an inclosing globe, aA removable base 9o piece, a wire surrounding the base piece and having its terminals carried out of the lamp, and material surrounding the wire which, under the action of heat, will unite with the glass of which the globe and base piece are made, substantially as described.

6. In an incandescent lamp, the combination of an inclosing globe, a removable base piece, a wire surrounding the base piecmand having itsterminals carried out of the lamp, rod and said wire composed of a material which, under theactionof heat, will unite with the glass of which the globe and basepiece are made.

v 7.,lhe .method of forming an air-tight seal x05..

between two sections of an inclosing glass chamber for au incandescent lamp, which consists inintroducing betweenthe two sec-- tions a conducting body of a character which, v under the action of heat, will unite with the` 1 ro glass, and subjecting said body and the glass in the vicinity thereof to the action of heat locally applied tothe vconducting body.

8. The method of forming an air-tight sealv between twof sections of an inclosing glass :'15

chamber for an incandescent lamp, which consists in introducing between the two sections a conducting body of a character which, under the action of heat, will unitewith the glass, and subjecting said body andthe glass izo in the vicinity thereof to the action of heat4 locally applied to the conducting body, and `gnilly compressing the glass around vsaid o y. v t v 9. The method of forming an air-tight seal between two sections ofa'n inclosing glass vchamber for an incandescent lamp, which n consistsin transmitting Van -electric current g through a conducting body located between the two sections of the inclosing globe, Where- 13o by saidconducting body and the glass in apposition therewith'are raised to a high temperature, and a hermetic seal eiected. A 10. The method of forming an air-tight seal between two sections Aof an inclosing glass In testimony whereof Iaix my signature in chamber for an incandescent lamp, which the presence of two witnesses. l' consists in transmitting an electric current through a conducting bodylocated between GEORGE HILLARD BENJAMIN. the two sections of the inclosing globe, and I subsequently pressing the highly heated'glass Titnesses:

surfaces together and in intimate contact with TIMOTHY F. DIELON,

the conducting body. EDW. B. HAWKINS. 

